Simulation research linked to Florida Polytechnic University examines how pacer formations influence elite marathon performance. Using Ansys Fluent software, researchers modelled airflow around a scaled humanoid figure across many formations. Drafting, or running behind others, reduces air resistance. Although drag is a small share of a runner’s energy use, it can matter in record attempts. Keeping pacers longer extends this benefit but requires a slower pace.
The study suggested Eliud Kipchoge could have broken the long-sought marathon barrier with a different strategy. A follow-up estimated Kelvin Kiptum, who ran his record without pacers, could have cut his time with optimal pacing. Sebastian Sawe later broke the barrier in London, helped by pacers for part of the race. The study lacked real-world validation. Overall, the research highlights how airflow simulations can help evaluate pacing strategies and their potential influence on marathon performance.
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